Here are the countries and the regions that constitute northern Africa.

• Algeria
• Egypt
• Libya
• Morocco
• Sudan
• Tunisia
• Western Sahara

You must also remember that Egypt can also be considered a part of Asia due to the Sinai Peninsula, which makes it a transcontinental country. Algeria, Libya, Mauritania, Morocco and Tunisia are also known as the Maghreb. Additionally, when we say Western Sahara we mean the small disputed area that has Morocco to the north, Algeria to the northeast and Mauritania to the east and the south, and the Atlantic Ocean to the west. The population in this area is said to only be around 500,000. Some researchers also include the following areas in North Africa studies.

• Portugal's Madeira Islands
• Spanish Canary Islands
• Spanish Plazas de Soberania, which are tiny military islands with no civilian population.

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